Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a widespread developmental dental condition that imposes significant clinical challenges and often requires extensive management, yet no exhaustive review has examined all non-invasive remineralization approaches for MIH. Affected teeth generally show decreased mineral content and hardness, which contribute to sensitivity and compromised function. Therefore, therapies utilizing calcium phosphate compounds are considered promising for restoring MIH-affected enamel. This review summarizes current research on various remineralizing agents studied for MIH, including casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate (CPP-ACFP), hydroxyapatite, calcium glycerophosphate, self-assembling peptides, and fluoride. Nineteen studies, encompassing in vitro, in situ, and in vivo investigations, were identified. An additional search focused on toothpaste-based interventions for MIH revealed six studies, three addressing remineralization and three targeting sensitivity alleviation. The findings indicate that MIH-affected teeth can benefit from calcium phosphate-based remineralization, with CPP-ACP, hydroxyapatite, and calcium glycerophosphate demonstrating notable effectiveness, while CPP-ACP and hydroxyapatite also help reduce tooth sensitivity associated with MIH.
