Attention to oral hygiene is of particular importance in vulnerable groups, including pregnant women. Since self-efficacy is a predictive factor for oral hygiene behaviors, this study aimed to determine the effect of an educational intervention on the level of self-efficacy associated with oral hygiene in pregnant mothers. In this quasi-experimental study, purposive sampling was used and the samples were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. In this study, demographic information questionnaires and Oral Hygiene Self-efficacy Questionnaire were used. The intervention was implemented over one month in the form of four 60-minute educational sessions. One month later, information was collected again from both groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23 and chi-square, paired t-tests, and independent t-tests. A significant increase was observed in the mean self-efficacy for flossing in the experimental group before and after the intervention (P = 0.03). The difference in self-efficacy for flossing between the experimental group and the control group was also significant after the intervention (P = 0.04). Total self-efficacy increased significantly in the experimental group after and before the intervention (P = 0.04) and between the experimental and control groups after the intervention (P = 0.04). According to the results, educational intervention can increase self-efficacy associated with oral hygiene in pregnant mothers, especially regarding flossing, and be effective in maintaining their oral health during pregnancy.
