This research aimed to examine how reliable and valid the Spanish version of the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Knowledge and Attitudes (OSAKA) questionnaire is when used with dental professionals in Colombia. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in Manizales, Colombia, from January to June 2024. The sample included 120 dental professionals—general dentists, specialists, residents, and academic staff—selected through stratified random sampling. Participants completed the Spanish-adapted OSAKA questionnaire and a sociodemographic form. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha (α) and McDonald’s Omega (Ω). Construct validity was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), supported by Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett’s tests.
The knowledge section of the questionnaire (18 items) showed strong internal consistency (α = 0.83; Ω = 0.83). The attitude section (5 items) had acceptable reliability (α = 0.68; Ω = 0.59). KMO values were 0.79 for knowledge and 0.57 for attitudes, and both Bartlett’s tests were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001). EFA confirmed the questionnaire’s factor structure, identifying six components for the knowledge scale that explained 61.66% of the variance and two components for the attitude scale that explained 79.49%. Significant differences were observed in attitude scores among professional categories (p ≤ 0.001, η² = 0.13), with specialists showing the highest mean (X̅ = 17.66) and general dentists the lowest (X̅ = 14.62). Knowledge scores did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.47). The Spanish adaptation of the OSAKA questionnaire demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity for assessing dental professionals’ knowledge and attitudes toward obstructive sleep apnea in Colombia. Its implementation can aid in improving educational programs, early detection, and collaboration between dental and medical professionals.
