This review examines the different types of cellular interactions in dental tissues, emphasizing both direct communication through structures like gap junctions and tight junctions, as well as indirect signaling involving soluble molecules such as growth factors, cytokines, and neurotransmitters. This review highlights the importance of these communication pathways in essential dental processes like tooth eruption, development, and periodontal tissue remodeling. It also addresses how the disruption of these signaling mechanisms is associated with a variety of dental conditions, such as craniofacial abnormalities, cavities, and gum diseases. Understanding the molecular details of cell communication is key to better comprehending the origins of these issues and exploring potential therapeutic options. Ultimately, a deeper knowledge of how cells communicate in dental tissues offers new insights into normal biological functions and paves the way for developing targeted treatments in dental medicine. This article summarizes the current understanding of cell communication processes, emphasizing their importance in dental biology and their implications for both clinical applications and future research.
