Written by Ferran Cuenca-Martínez
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
Alterations in neck and head posture can affect jaw and masticatory muscle function, as well as the neck’s range of motion and cervical muscle activity in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This review aimed to investigate the association between abnormalities in the cervical spine and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunctions. This systematic review was conducted following the guidelines set by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A tho
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Written by Nilesh Mishra
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
This study sought to investigate the potential of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as an alternative treatment for odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) in the mandible. A total of 17 patients, diagnosed with non-syndromic and non-recurrent OKC, participated in this prospective and comparative clinical trial. All patients underwent enucleation and peripheral osteotomy of the cyst. Following this procedure, group A (n = 9) was treated with 5-FU, while group B (n = 8) received modified Carnoy’s solution (MC). The pr
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Written by Zygimantas Petronis
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
The exact process underlying the development of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is not yet fully clarified, with multiple factors potentially contributing to the condition. MRI is a valuable tool in identifying the possible causes. This paper reviews the anatomy of the trigeminal nerve associated with TN, describes the imaging features of vascular compression in TN patients, and examines the correlation between these findings and the TN branch affected. A systematic review and meta-analysis were condu
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Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are considered a primary treatment option for people with mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and for those with severe OSA who are unable or unwilling to use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Compared to CPAP, mandibular advancement devices offer advantages such as ease of use, portability, and higher patient compliance. The present study aimed to review the effectiveness of mandibular advancement splint in the treatment of obstructive
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Written by Guillermo Pardo-Zamora
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
The success of dental implants has led to an increased focus on methods to simplify the surgical procedure and increase implant longevity. With advancements in technology, the use of implants has expanded to include even the most complex cases. However, bone resorption following tooth extraction can lead to reduced bone volume and height, making standard implant placement challenging. In such situations, shorter implants have been suggested as an alternative, although their effectiveness as a tr
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Written by Razukevicius Dainius
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
Tooth extraction leads to changes in the dimensions of the alveolar ridge, prompting efforts to reduce complications and bone loss. Various strategies have been investigated to preserve bone width, height, and keratinized tissue after extractions. This systematic review analyzes the effect of secondary and primary intention healing on the dimensional changes and histomorphometric properties of the alveolar ridge. In adherence to PRISMA guidelines, a literature search was performed on the Cochran
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A thorough understanding of the root canal system configurations is essential for increasing the success of root canal treatments and ensuring favorable long-term outcomes. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the differences in root canal morphology of mandibular premolars. A total of 151 mandibular premolars were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The pulp canal configurations of both first and second mandibular premolars were analyzed across coronal, axial, and sagi
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Written by Martin P. Novak
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
This study aimed to examine differences in the occurrence of short- and long-term adverse behavioral outcomes following general anesthesia (GA) between neurotypical children and those with moderate to severe autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A total of 40 neurotypical children and 37 children with ASD, aged 3–17 years, who underwent GA for dental procedures were included. Anesthesia records were analyzed, and parental telephone surveys evaluated changes in activity levels, sleep patterns, gastroin
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Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) and serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase-1 (SGK-1) are key proteins induced by glucocorticoids. Recent research has highlighted that cortisol can be locally produced in the oral mucosa, potentially influencing the tissue expression of GILZ and SGK-1. Both proteins have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancers; however, their expression patterns in potentially malignant oral lesions, such as epithelial dysplasia, and in malignant lesions
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Psychosocial stress within the household has been associated with how often children brush their teeth. Community health worker (CHW) programs that address psychosocial challenges in vulnerable communities have likewise been connected to shifts in various health behaviors. Examine longitudinal changes in psychosocial factors and explore the relationship between these factors and the dose of community health worker (CHW) intervention received among families living in urban Chicago. A total of 420
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Written by Francesco D. Romano
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive opportunistic pathogen responsible for diverse infections, including bacteremia (SAB). Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) appear to be more prone to SAB, often experiencing more severe disease and complications such as infections in bones and joints. Meanwhile, Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram-negative oral pathogen, has been linked to RA development, largely due to its unique peptidylarginine deiminase (PPAD) enzyme and its highly active proteases c
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Written by Jonas K. Weber
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition of the supporting structures of the teeth, characterized by gradual degradation of both soft and hard tissues, and stands as the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. In the United States, more than 100 million people are estimated to be affected. The disease is driven by subgingival bacterial communities that trigger and sustain inflammation. Among the diverse microbial species implicated in periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis has bee
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Written by Yusuf A. Saleem
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
Research exploring the effects of geographic and socioeconomic factors on the oral microbiome is limited. According to the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS), non-communicable diseases exhibited an upward trend compared to the 2013 survey. Conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, and obesity were more prevalent in urban settings than in rural ones. Notably, these diseases affected women more frequently than men. This pilot study sought to assess oral health status
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Written by Matthew S. Cole
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
Chronic oral infections, which are widespread and involve ongoing inflammation, may contribute to the development of systemic diseases. This study explored the potential role of long-standing oral conditions as risk factors for various chronic systemic illnesses, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, including diabetes mellitus, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and connective tissue diseases, as well as for severe mental disorders such as psychosis and other major psychiatric conditions. This c
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Written by Daniel K. Moore
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
This study aimed to examine how oral health policies and clinical guidelines evolved in response to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic across various countries and regions worldwide. Data were compiled from nine countries—Canada, China (including Hong Kong), Egypt, India, Japan, New Zealand, Nigeria, Switzerland, and Thailand—drawing primarily on information issued by national or regional health authorities and dental councils or associations. Modifications to oral health guidance
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Written by Hiroshi Aoyama
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
Ensuring access to oral health care for children in low- and middle-income countries remains a persistent challenge, with little guidance on which interventions should be prioritized. The Healthy Kids Cambodia (HKC) program introduces an innovative model for school-based dental care, focusing on a core preventive package that combines daily brushing with 1,500 ppm fluoride toothpaste and targeted use of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) to address cavities in primary teeth. To assess dental outcomes
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Written by Rafael G. Pacheco
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
To evaluate IL-1β and IL-8 epithelial expression in oral premalignant lesions as predictive biomarkers for cancer development. The study examined a total of around 55 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, which included 15 samples each of oral lichen planus (OLP), oral leukoplakia, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), along with 10 samples of healthy oral mucosa as controls. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect IL-1 β and IL-8 protein expression using a rabbit p
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Written by Alejandro F. Ruiz
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
Oral ulcers develop when the epithelial lining of the oral mucosa is compromised, often leading to pain, redness, discomfort, and bleeding. While some ulcers are triggered by local trauma, systemic illnesses, or medications, the causes of many remain unclear. This pilot study explores the composition of saliva and the oral microbiome in individuals with atraumatic pre-ulcerous and ulcerous lesions, compared to healthy controls, while accounting for three prevalent risk factors: smoking, stress,
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Sexuality, which plays an essential and significant role in human life, is provided through healthy sexual organs. Therefore, any disease in the genital area, including vaginitis, can interfere with these tendencies and thus affect the quality of life of the individual. The researchers, therefore, conducted a study aimed at comparing sexual satisfaction in pregnant women with vaginal candidiasis. This is a cross-sectional study to evaluate the effect of Candida vaginitis infection on sexual sati
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Written by George L. Anderson
Published on Vol 5 , 2025
CLPTM1L is known to enhance the survival of malignant cells by engaging endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–associated survival mechanisms, whereas TMEM207 disrupts the tumor-suppressive role of WW domain–containing oxidoreductase (WWOX), thereby increasing the vulnerability of cancer cells to apoptosis triggered by ER stress. This study explored whether these two ER stress–linked proteins could function as prognostic biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Using immunohistochemistry wi
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