This study evaluates the importance and effectiveness of the timely treatment of distal occlusion. The study involved 220 individuals aged 23 to 40 years, divided into four groups: 60 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment for distal occlusion before age 18; 60 patients treated at age 25-32 years; 60 untreated patients with distal occlusion; and 40 individuals with physiological occlusion as controls. All participants underwent a comprehensive examination, including cephalometric analysis, electromyography of masticatory muscles, ultrasound diagnostics of mandibular movements, three-dimensional spinal analysis, stabilometry, and questionnaire survey to assess subjective status and quality of life. The results demonstrated that distal occlusion is a systemic pathology involving the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, airways, and musculoskeletal system, forming a stable vicious circle. Patients treated in adolescence showed no statistically significant differences from controls in most parameters. Patients treated at age 25-32 showed intermediate results, with significant improvement compared to untreated patients (headache frequency 41.7% vs 68.3%, neck pain 55.0% vs 81.7%) but residual postural disturbances, indicating the need for comprehensive rehabilitation in late referral cases. The findings justify timely orthodontic treatment not only from an aesthetic but also from a medical perspective to prevent systemic disorders and preserve quality of life.
