Type 1 diabetes has emerged as a significant public health issue in Morocco due to its incidence and widespread presence. The disease produces numerous consequences, including notable effects on oral conditions. This investigation aimed to examine how type 1 diabetes influences the oral health status of Moroccan children and to determine whether oral conditions affect glycemic regulation. This cross-sectional research enrolled 100 participants aged 3–17 years diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The comparison group consisted of 100 non-diabetic children and adolescents in good general health, recruited from public schools and integrated into the national oral-health prevention initiative. They were matched with the diabetic group by number, age, and age category. Collected information included socio-demographic details, diabetes-related variables, and oral-health indicators. Clinical assessment covered oral status indices such as DMFT/dmft, plaque score, and gingival score. Chi-square was used for categorical data, the t-test for numerical variables, and ANOVA for comparisons across three groups. Linear regression identified determinants linked to dental caries, plaque levels, and gingival conditions. Participants had a mean age of 9.61 ± 2.65 years, with 48.5% being boys, ranging from 3 to 17 years. Every child showed at least one decayed tooth, but diabetic children had a higher mean DMFT/dmft (6.13 ± 3.26). Most oral indicators were poorer among those with type 1 diabetes. Significant differences between diabetic and non-diabetic groups were noted in calculus formation and inflammatory severity (p = 0.001 and p = 0.022, respectively). Gingival inflammation was markedly greater in children with uncontrolled diabetes (p = 0.043). Univariate regression revealed an association between plaque index and brushing habits (p < 0.001). Findings demonstrated that children with type 1 diabetes showed deterioration across multiple oral-health parameters. These observations highlight that diabetes, along with its degree of control, may play a meaningful role in shaping oral health outcomes.
