Studies on the stability after a midline diastema closure were few, and the evidence supporting this claim is thought to be weak. This study sought to determine the stability of diastema closure in orthodontic patients who received a fixed or removable retainer. The orthodontic clinics at a private university hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, used treatment records to identify 40 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment for diastema closure. After treatment, a follow-up examination was performed to check for recurrence, and panoramic radiographs were collected at the debonding stage (T1). Relapse of the diastema was thought to occur when the T2-T1 inter-incisor gap exceeded zero. It was also noted what type of retainer therapy was used after orthodontic treatment. It was considered clinically significant when a diastema relapse measured 0.50 mm or greater. This study included 40 participants who received orthodontic treatment for diastema. 50% of the study participants were given detachable retainers, 20% were given permanent retainers, and 25% were given both. In 82.5% of instances, diastema stability was observed, while relapse occurred in 17.5%. Diastema stability was not affected by gender (P = 0.436) or various retainers (P = 0.690). Six instances had a clinically significant recurrence. Using both fixed and removable retainers, orthodontically treated diastema closure showed a significant level of stability.
