%0 Journal Article
%T Biomechanical Adaptation of the Periodontium to Orthodontic Forces: Insights from Computational and Theoretical Studies
%A Lars M. Johansson
%A Erik Svensson
%A Karin Olofsson
%A Sofia Lindgren
%J Asian Journal of Periodontics and Orthodontics
%@ 3062-3499
%D 2024
%V 4
%N 1
%R 10.51847/kjXnPm2sAh
%P 265-274
%X The periodontium, comprising the periodontal ligament (PDL), alveolar bone, cementum, and gingiva, plays a critical role in mediating tooth movement during orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic forces induce biomechanical changes in the periodontium, leading to adaptive responses such as bone remodeling and tissue deformation. This narrative review synthesizes insights from computational and theoretical studies published on the biomechanical adaptation of the periodontium to orthodontic forces. Focusing on finite element analysis (FEA) and theoretical models, the review explores the stress and strain distribution in the PDL, hydro-mechanical coupling, viscoelastic behavior, and the implications for optimal force application. Key findings highlight that the PDL acts as a shock absorber, with fluid flow and solid-fluid interactions influencing time-dependent responses. Computational models reveal that force magnitude, direction, and duration affect stress concentrations, potentially impacting root resorption and alveolar bone loss. Theoretical frameworks emphasize mechanotransduction pathways, where cells in the periodontium sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, initiating biological adaptations. The review underscores the value of these studies in predicting clinical outcomes, optimizing orthodontic appliances, and minimizing adverse effects. However, limitations in model assumptions and material properties call for further validation through experimental data. Overall, computational and theoretical approaches provide essential insights for advancing personalized orthodontic therapies, enhancing treatment efficiency, and preserving periodontal health.
%U https://tsdp.net/article/biomechanical-adaptation-of-the-periodontium-to-orthodontic-forces-insights-from-computational-and-yemtqlll0cjnbo6